Intracellular And Extracellular Redox Signals During Exercise And Aging
Our bodies are constantly sending signals within and between cells to maintain health, especially in our muscles. A key player in this communication is a group of molecules called reactive oxygen species, or ROS. While often associated with damage, recent research sheds light on their beneficial roles, particularly in the context of physical activity and the aging process.
When we exercise, our muscles temporarily produce more ROS. This isn’t necessarily a bad thing; these molecules act as messengers, triggering important adaptive responses that help our muscles grow stronger and function better. For example, a specific enzyme called NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), which increases after exercise, helps these ROS signals promote muscle health, keep our internal balance in check, and even guard against conditions like insulin resistance.
However, as we age, or if our muscles are inactive for long periods, the balance of these signals can go awry. Reduced levels of beneficial enzymes like NOX4 can contribute to problems such as insulin resistance. Understanding these intricate signaling pathways helps us appreciate how exercise supports muscle health throughout our lives and how disruptions can contribute to age-related decline. This knowledge is crucial for developing strategies to maintain muscle function and overall well-being as we get older.
Source: link to paper