Methylarginine Levels And Their Impact On Vascular Aging: A Systematic Review
As we age, our blood vessels undergo changes that can compromise their ability to function properly, a process known as vascular aging. This can increase the risk of heart disease and other health issues. Recent research highlights the significant role of certain molecules, called methylarginines, in this process. These include asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA).
These methylarginines interfere with the availability of nitric oxide (NO), a crucial molecule that helps keep our blood vessels healthy and flexible. When nitric oxide levels are reduced, the inner lining of our blood vessels, known as the endothelium, doesn’t function as it should—a condition called endothelial dysfunction. This dysfunction is a key step in the progression of vascular aging.
Studies have shown that higher levels of these methylarginines are linked to more severe endothelial dysfunction, a greater risk of cardiovascular problems, and even a decline in cognitive abilities in older individuals. Laboratory experiments further support this by demonstrating that increased ADMA can accelerate the aging of endothelial cells, reduce the activity of an enzyme called telomerase (which protects our cells from aging), and decrease nitric oxide production.
These findings suggest that methylarginines could serve as important indicators, or biomarkers, for vascular aging. Understanding their impact opens doors for future research into potential treatments to mitigate their harmful effects and promote healthier aging of our blood vessels.
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