Sex Disparities In The Processes Underlying Aging: Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Associations With Dynapenia, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels And Quality Of Life In Older Adults

Aging Theory
Aging Pathway
Lever
Analytical
Lower mitochondrial DNA copy number is significantly associated with muscle weakness and mobility problems in older women, but not in older men.
Author

Gemini

Published

February 16, 2026

As we age, our bodies undergo many changes, and understanding these changes is key to maintaining a good quality of life. One important area of research focuses on mitochondria, often called the “powerhouses” of our cells, which produce the energy our bodies need to function. The amount of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA-CN) in our cells can be an indicator of mitochondrial health. A recent study explored how this cellular energy marker relates to physical strength, vitamin D levels, and overall well-being in older adults.

The research found a fascinating difference between sexes. In older women, having a lower amount of mitochondrial DNA was significantly linked to experiencing muscle weakness and difficulties with mobility. This suggests that the health of these cellular powerhouses might play a crucial role in maintaining physical function in women as they age. Interestingly, these associations were not observed in older men. The study also looked at vitamin D levels, finding a slight connection with mitochondrial DNA copy number in the overall population, hinting at a potential interplay between vitamin D and cellular energy production. These findings highlight that the aging process, particularly concerning cellular energy and physical capabilities, can manifest differently in men and women, underscoring the importance of sex-specific approaches in healthy aging research.


Source: link to paper